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   The Ancients
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     The Animals
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     The Bacteria
     The Chromista
     The Fungi
     The Plants

       Angiosperm
       Gymnosperm
       Bryophytes
       Pteridophyta
       Thallophyta

     The Protozoa

   The Modern Man
   The Nonpareils
   The Steps
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The Appendix

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THE PLANT KINGDOM
Phulum Gymnosperm

The Class Pinophyta (Pinopsida) Go Down Go Up
Pinophyta, also known as Pinopsida, are conifers, which are a group of cone-bearing seed plants, a class of gymnosperms. All extant conifers are perennial woody plants with secondary growth. The great majority of species are trees, though a few are shrubs. Examples of conifers include cedars, Douglas-firs, cypresses, firs, junipers, kauri, larches, pines, hemlocks, redwoods, spruces, and yews.
Scientifically, they make up the division Pinophyta, (alternately known as Coniferophyta or Coniferae.) This division contains a single extant Class, Pinopsida, with four Orders, eight Families and 60 - 65 Genera and more than 650 living species.
All extant conifers are perennial woody plants with secondary growth.[a] The great majority are trees, though a few are shrubs. Examples include cedars, Douglas-firs, cypresses, firs, junipers, kauri, larches, pines, hemlocks, redwoods, spruces, and yews.

The Class Pinophyta Taxonomy Go Down Go Up
Taxonomy
Kingdom: Plantae
Phylum: Gymnosperm (GYM)
(Greek: naked seeds without flowers)

Class: Pinopsida (PINO)
(previously: Coniferophyta)

Order: Araucariales (ARAU)
Family: Araucariaceae (evergreen trees)
3 genera, 41 species, southern hemisphere
Family: Podocarpaceae, (evergreen trees and schrubs)
19 genera, 174 species, southern hemisphere.

Order: Cupressales (CUPR)
Family: Cupressaceae, 135 species
27-30 genera, 135 species, global distribution (except ANT)
Family: Taxaceae, (Yew family)
6 genera, 30 species, most in northern hemisphere temperate zones.

Order: Pinales (PINA)
Family: Pinaceae (pine family)
11 genera, 231 species, northern hemisphere-most in temperate climates.
Genus: Cephalotaxus (plum yew or cowtail pine, 11 species)
Family: Sciadopityaceae (one species)
endemic to Japan, monotypic family
Genus: Sciadopitys (umbrella pines)
Species: Sciadopitys verticillata

Order: Gnetales (GNET)
Family: Gnetaceae
Genus: Gnetum
Family: Welwitschiaceae, one species
Southwest Africa, monotypic family
Genus: Welwitschia
Species: Welwitschia mirabilis
Family: Ephedraceae
Genus: Ephedra (Type Genus) 77 species

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This Page Last Updated: 30 April 2026


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